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Fundamental Physical Constants


Fundamental Physical Constants     Amino Acids

Fundamental Physical Constants

QuantityValueUncertaintyUnit
speed of light in vacuum 299792458 (exact) m s^-1
magn. constant 12.566370614e-7 (exact) N A^-2
electric constant 8.854187817e-12 (exact) F m^-1
characteristic impedance of vacuum 376.730313461 (exact) ohm
Newtonian constant of gravitation 6.6742e-11 0.0010e-11 m^3 kg^-1 s^-2
Newtonian constant of gravitation over h-bar c6.7087e-39 0.0010e-39 (GeV/c^2)^-2
Planck constant6.6260693e-34 0.0000011e-34 J s
Planck constant in eV s4.13566743e-15 0.00000035e-15 eV s
Planck constant over 2 pi times c in MeV fm197.326968 0.000017 MeV fm
Planck constant over 2 pi1.05457168e-34 0.00000018e-34 J s
Planck constant over 2 pi in eV s6.58211915e-16 0.00000056e-16 eV s
Planck mass2.17645e-8 0.00016e-8 kg
Planck temperature1.41679e32 0.00011e32 K
Planck length1.61624e-35 0.00012e-35 m
Planck time5.39121e-44 0.00040e-44 s
elementary charge1.60217653e-19 0.00000014e-19 C
elementary charge over h2.41798940e14 0.00000021e14 A J^-1
magn. flux quantum2.06783372e-15 0.00000018e-15 Wb
conductance quantum7.748091733e-5 0.000000026e-5 S
inverse of conductance quantum12906.403725 0.000043 ohm
Josephson constant483597.879e9 0.041e9 Hz V^-1
von Klitzing constant25812.807449 0.000086 ohm
Bohr magneton927.400949e-26 0.000080e-26 J T^-1
Bohr magneton in eV/T5.788381804e-5 0.000000039e-5 eV T^-1
Bohr magneton in Hz/T13.9962458e9 0.0000012e9 Hz T^-1
Bohr magneton in inverse meters per tesla46.6864507 0.0000040 m^-1 T^-1
Bohr magneton in K/T0.6717131 0.0000012 K T^-1
nuclear magneton5.05078343e-27 0.00000043e-27 J T^-1
nuclear magneton in eV/T3.152451259e-8 0.000000021e-8 eV T^-1
nuclear magneton in MHz/T7.62259371 0.00000065 MHz T^-1
nuclear magneton in inverse meters per tesla2.54262358e-2 0.00000022e-2 m^-1 T^-1
nuclear magneton in K/T3.6582637e-4 0.0000064e-4 K T^-1
fine-structure constant7.297352568e-3 0.000000024e-3
inverse fine-structure constant137.03599911 0.00000046
Rydberg constant10973731.568525 0.000073 m^-1
Rydberg constant times c in Hz3.289841960360e15 0.000000000022e15 Hz
Rydberg constant times hc in J2.17987209e-18 0.00000037e-18 J
Rydberg constant times hc in eV13.6056923 0.0000012 eV
Bohr radius0.5291772108e-10 0.0000000018e-10 m
Hartree energy4.35974417e-18 0.00000075e-18 J
Hartree energy in eV27.2113845 0.0000023 eV
quantum of circulation3.636947550e-4 0.000000024e-4 m^2 s^-1
quantum of circulation times 27.273895101e-4 0.000000048e-4 m^2 s^-1
Fermi coupling constant1.16639e-5 0.00001e-5 GeV^-2
weak mixing angle0.22215 0.00076
electron mass9.1093826e-31 0.0000016e-31 kg
electron mass in u5.4857990945e-4 0.0000000024e-4 u
electron mass energy equivalent8.1871047e-14 0.0000014e-14 J
electron mass energy equivalent in MeV0.510998918 0.000000044 MeV
electron-muon mass ratio4.83633167e-3 0.00000013e-3
electron-tau mass ratio2.87564e-4 0.00047e-4
electron-proton mass ratio5.4461702173e-4 0.0000000025e-4
electron-neutron mass ratio5.4386734481e-4 0.0000000038e-4
electron-deuteron mass ratio2.7244371095e-4 0.0000000013e-4
electron to alpha particle mass ratio1.37093355575e-4 0.00000000061e-4
electron charge to mass quotient-1.75882012e11 0.00000015e11 C kg^-1
electron molar mass5.4857990945e-7 0.0000000024e-7 kg mol^-1
Compton wavelength2.426310238e-12 0.000000016e-12 m
Compton wavelength over 2 pi386.1592678e-15 0.0000026e-15 m
classical electron radius2.817940325e-15 0.000000028e-15 m
Thomson cross section0.665245873e-28 0.000000013e-28 m^2
electron magn. moment-928.476412e-26 0.000080e-26 J T^-1
electron magn. moment to Bohr magneton ratio-1.0011596521859 0.0000000000038
electron magn. moment to nuclear magneton ratio-1838.28197107 0.00000085
electron magn. moment anomaly1.1596521859e-3 0.0000000038e-3
electron g factor-2.0023193043718 0.0000000000075
electron-muon magn. moment ratio206.7669894 0.0000054
electron-proton magn. moment ratio-658.2106862 0.0000066
electron to shielded proton magn. moment ratio-658.2275956 0.0000071
electron-neutron magn. moment ratio960.92050 0.00023
electron-deuteron magn. moment ratio-2143.923493 0.000023
electron to shielded helion magn. moment ratio864.058255 0.000010
electron gyromagn. ratio1.76085974e11 0.00000015e11 s^-1 T^-1
electron gyromagn. ratio over 2 pi28024.9532 0.0024 MHz T^-1
muon mass1.88353140e-28 0.00000033e-28 kg
muon mass in u0.1134289264 0.0000000030 u
muon mass energy equivalent1.69283360e-11 0.00000029e-11 J
muon mass energy equivalent in MeV105.6583692 0.0000094 MeV
muon-electron mass ratio206.7682838 0.0000054
muon-tau mass ratio5.94592e-2 0.00097e-2
muon-proton mass ratio0.1126095269 0.0000000029
muon-neutron mass ratio0.1124545175 0.0000000029
muon molar mass0.1134289264e-3 0.0000000030e-3 kg mol^-1
muon Compton wavelength11.73444105e-15 0.00000030e-15 m
muon Compton wavelength over 2 pi1.867594298e-15 0.000000047e-15 m
muon magn. moment-4.49044799e-26 0.00000040e-26 J T^-1
muon magn. moment to Bohr magneton ratio-4.84197045e-3 0.00000013e-3
muon magn. moment to nuclear magneton ratio-8.89059698 0.00000023
muon magn. moment anomaly1.16591981e-3 0.00000062e-3
muon g factor-2.0023318396 0.0000000012
muon-proton magn. moment ratio-3.183345118 0.000000089
tau mass3.16777e-27 0.00052e-27 kg
tau mass in u1.90768 0.00031 u
tau mass energy equivalent2.84705e-10 0.00046e-10 J
tau mass energy equivalent in MeV1776.99 0.29 MeV
tau-electron mass ratio3477.48 0.57
tau-muon mass ratio16.8183 0.0027
tau-proton mass ratio1.89390 0.00031
tau-neutron mass ratio1.89129 0.00031
tau molar mass1.90768e-3 0.00031e-3 kg mol^-1
tau Compton wavelength0.69772e-15 0.00011e-15 m
tau Compton wavelength over 2 pi0.111046e-15 0.000018e-15 m
proton mass1.67262171e-27 0.00000029e-27 kg
proton mass in u1.00727646688 0.00000000013 u
proton mass energy equivalent1.50327743e-10 0.00000026e-10 J
proton mass energy equivalent in MeV938.272029 0.000080 MeV
proton-electron mass ratio1836.15267261 0.00000085
proton-muon mass ratio8.88024333 0.00000023
proton-tau mass ratio0.528012 0.000086
proton-neutron mass ratio0.99862347872 0.00000000058
proton charge to mass quotient9.57883376e7 0.00000082e7 C kg^-1
proton molar mass1.00727646688e-3 0.00000000013e-3 kg mol^-1
proton Compton wavelength1.3214098555e-15 0.0000000088e-15 m
proton Compton wavelength over 2 pi0.2103089104e-15 0.0000000014e-15 m
proton magn. moment1.41060671e-26 0.00000012e-26 J T^-1
proton magn. moment to Bohr magneton ratio1.521032206e-3 0.000000015e-3
proton magn. moment to nuclear magneton ratio2.792847351 0.000000028
proton g factor5.585694701 0.000000056
proton-neutron magn. moment ratio-1.45989805 0.00000034
shielded proton magn. moment1.41057047e-26 0.00000012e-26 J T^-1
shielded proton magn. moment to Bohr magneton ratio1.520993132e-3 0.000000016e-3
shielded proton magn. moment to nuclear magneton ratio2.792775604 0.000000030
proton magn. shielding correction25.689e-6 0.015e-6
proton gyromagn. ratio2.67522205e8 0.00000023e8 s^-1 T^-1
proton gyromagn. ratio over 2 pi42.5774813 0.0000037 MHz T^-1
shielded proton gyromagn. ratio2.67515333e8 0.00000023e8 s^-1 T^-1
shielded proton gyromagn. ratio over 2 pi42.5763875 0.0000037 MHz T^-1
proton rms charge radius0.8750e-15 0.0068e-15 m
neutron mass1.67492728e-27 0.00000029e-27 kg
neutron mass in u1.00866491560 0.00000000055 u
neutron mass energy equivalent1.50534957e-10 0.00000026e-10 J
neutron mass energy equivalent in MeV939.565360 0.000081 MeV
neutron-electron mass ratio1838.6836598 0.0000013
neutron-muon mass ratio8.89248402 0.00000023
neutron-tau mass ratio0.528740 0.000086
neutron-proton mass ratio1.00137841870 0.00000000058
neutron molar mass1.00866491560e-3 0.00000000055e-3 kg mol^-1
neutron Compton wavelength1.3195909067e-15 0.0000000088e-15 m
neutron Compton wavelength over 2 pi0.2100194157e-15 0.0000000014e-15 m
neutron magn. moment-0.96623645e-26 0.00000024e-26 J T^-1
neutron magn. moment to Bohr magneton ratio-1.04187563e-3 0.00000025e-3
neutron magn. moment to nuclear magneton ratio-1.91304273 0.00000045
neutron g factor-3.82608546 0.00000090
neutron-electron magn. moment ratio1.04066882e-3 0.00000025e-3
neutron-proton magn. moment ratio-0.68497934 0.00000016
neutron to shielded proton magn. moment ratio-0.68499694 0.00000016
neutron gyromagn. ratio1.83247183e8 0.00000046e8 s^-1 T^-1
neutron gyromagn. ratio over 2 pi29.1646950 0.0000073 MHz T^-1
deuteron mass3.34358335e-27 0.00000057e-27 kg
deuteron mass in u2.01355321270 0.00000000035 u
deuteron mass energy equivalent3.00506285e-10 0.00000051e-10 J
deuteron mass energy equivalent in MeV1875.61282 0.00016 MeV
deuteron-electron mass ratio3670.4829652 0.0000018
deuteron-proton mass ratio1.99900750082 0.00000000041
deuteron molar mass2.01355321270e-3 0.00000000035e-3 kg mol^-1
deuteron magn. moment0.433073482e-26 0.000000038e-26 J T^-1
deuteron magn. moment to Bohr magneton ratio0.4669754567e-3 0.0000000050e-3
deuteron magn. moment to nuclear magneton ratio0.8574382329 0.0000000092
deuteron-electron magn. moment ratio-4.664345548e-4 0.000000050e-4
deuteron-proton magn. moment ratio0.3070122084 0.0000000045
deuteron-neutron magn. moment ratio-0.44820652 0.00000011
deuteron rms charge radius2.1394e-15 0.0028e-15 m
helion mass5.00641214e-27 0.00000086e-27 kg
helion mass in u3.0149322434 0.0000000058 u
helion mass energy equivalent4.49953884e-10 0.00000077e-10 J
helion mass energy equivalent in MeV2808.39142 0.00024 MeV
helion-electron mass ratio5495.885269 0.000011
helion-proton mass ratio2.9931526671 0.0000000058
helion molar mass3.0149322434e-3 0.0000000058e-3 kg mol^-1
shielded helion magn. moment-1.074553024e-26 0.000000093e-26 J T^-1
shielded helion magn. moment to Bohr magneton ratio-1.158671474e-3 0.000000014e-3
shielded helion magn. moment to nuclear magneton ratio-2.127497723 0.000000025
shielded helion to proton magn. moment ratio-0.761766562 0.000000012
shielded helion to shielded proton magn. moment ratio-0.7617861313 0.0000000033
shielded helion gyromagn. ratio2.03789470e8 0.00000018e8 s^-1 T^-1
shielded helion gyromagn. ratio over 2 pi32.4341015 0.0000028 MHz T^-1
alpha particle mass6.6446565e-27 0.0000011e-27 kg
alpha particle mass in u4.001506179149 0.000000000056 u
alpha particle mass energy equivalent5.9719194e-10 0.0000010e-10 J
alpha particle mass energy equivalent in MeV3727.37917 0.00032 MeV
alpha particle-electron mass ratio7294.2995363 0.0000032
alpha particle-proton mass ratio3.97259968907 0.00000000052
alpha particle molar mass4.001506179149e-3 0.000000000056e-3 kg mol^-1
Avogadro constant6.0221415e23 0.0000010e23 mol^-1
atomic mass constant1.66053886e-27 0.00000028e-27 kg
atomic mass constant energy equivalent1.49241790e-10 0.00000026e-10 J
atomic mass constant energy equivalent in MeV931.494043 0.000080 MeV
Faraday constant96485.3383 0.0083 C mol^-1
Faraday constant for conventional electric current96485.336 0.016 C_90 mol^-1
molar Planck constant3.990312716e-10 0.000000027e-10 J s mol^-1
molar Planck constant times c0.11962656572 0.00000000080 J m mol^-1
molar gas constant8.314472 0.000015 J mol^-1 K^-1
Boltzmann constant1.3806505e-23 0.0000024e-23 J K^-1
Boltzmann constant in eV/K8.617343e-5 0.000015e-5 eV K^-1
Boltzmann constant in Hz/K2.0836644e10 0.0000036e10 Hz K^-1
Boltzmann constant in inverse meters per kelvin69.50356 0.00012 m^-1 K^-1
molar volume of ideal gas (273.15 K, 101.325 kPa)22.413996e-3 0.000039e-3 m^3 mol^-1
Loschmidt constant (273.15 K, 101.325 kPa)2.6867773e25 0.0000047e25 m^-3
molar volume of ideal gas (273.15 K, 100 kPa)22.710981e-3 0.000040e-3 m^3 mol^-1
Sackur-Tetrode constant (1 K, 100 kPa)-1.1517047 0.0000044
Sackur-Tetrode constant (1 K, 101.325 kPa)-1.1648677 0.0000044
Stefan-Boltzmann constant5.670400e-8 0.000040e-8 W m^-2 K^-4
first radiation constant3.74177138e-16 0.00000064e-16 W m^2
first radiation constant for spectral radiance1.19104282e-16 0.00000020e-16 W m^2 sr^-1
second radiation constant1.4387752e-2 0.0000025e-2 m K
Wien displacement law constant2.8977685e-3 0.0000051e-3 m K
molar mass of carbon-1212e-3 (exact) kg mol^-1
molar mass constant1e-3 (exact) kg mol^-1
conventional value of Josephson constant483597.9e9 (exact) Hz V^-1
conventional value of von Klitzing constant25812.807 (exact) ohm
standard atmosphere101325 (exact) Pa
standard acceleration of gravity9.80665 (exact) m s^-2
Cu x unit1.00207710e-13 0.00000029e-13 m
Mo x unit1.00209966e-13 0.00000053e-13 m
Angstrom star1.00001509e-10 0.00000090e-10 m
lattice parameter of silicon543.102122e-12 0.000020e-12 m
{220} lattice spacing of silicon192.0155965e-12 0.0000070e-12 m
molar volume of silicon12.0588382e-6 0.0000024e-6 m^3 mol^-1
electron volt1.60217653e-19 0.00000014e-19 J
unified atomic mass unit1.66053886e-27 0.00000028e-27 kg
natural unit of velocity299792458 (exact) m s^-1
natural unit of action1.05457168e-34 0.00000018e-34 J s
natural unit of action in eV s6.58211915e-16 0.00000056e-16 eV s
natural unit of mass9.1093826e-31 0.0000016e-31 kg
natural unit of energy8.1871047e-14 0.0000014e-14 J
natural unit of energy in MeV0.510998918 0.000000044 MeV
natural unit of momentum2.73092419e-22 0.00000047e-22 kg m s^-1
natural unit of momentum in MeV/c0.510998918 0.000000044 MeV/c
natural unit of length386.1592678e-15 0.0000026e-15 m
natural unit of time1.2880886677e-21 0.0000000086e-21 s
atomic unit of charge1.60217653e-19 0.00000014e-19 C
atomic unit of mass9.1093826e-31 0.0000016e-31 kg
atomic unit of action1.05457168e-34 0.00000018e-34 J s
atomic unit of length0.5291772108e-10 0.0000000018e-10 m
atomic unit of energy4.35974417e-18 0.00000075e-18 J
atomic unit of time2.418884326505e-17 0.000000000016e-17 s
atomic unit of force8.2387225e-8 0.0000014e-8 N
atomic unit of velocity2.1876912633e6 0.0000000073e6 m s^-1
atomic unit of momentum1.99285166e-24 0.00000034e-24 kg m s^-1
atomic unit of current6.62361782e-3 0.00000057e-3 A
atomic unit of charge density1.081202317e12 0.000000093e12 C m^-3
atomic unit of electric potential27.2113845 0.0000023 V
atomic unit of electric field5.14220642e11 0.00000044e11 V m^-1
atomic unit of electric field gradient9.71736182e21 0.00000083e21 V m^-2
atomic unit of electric dipole moment8.47835309e-30 0.00000073e-30 C m
atomic unit of electric quadrupole moment4.48655124e-40 0.00000039e-40 C m^2
atomic unit of electric polarizablity1.648777274e-41 0.000000016e-41 C^2 m^2 J^-1
atomic unit of 1st hyperpolarizablity3.20636151e-53 0.00000028e-53 C^3 m^3 J^-2
atomic unit of 2nd hyperpolarizablity6.2353808e-65 0.0000011e-65 C^4 m^4 J^-3
atomic unit of magn. flux density2.35051742e5 0.00000020e5 T
atomic unit of magn. dipole moment1.85480190e-23 0.00000016e-23 J T^-1
atomic unit of magnetizability7.89103660e-29 0.00000013e-29 J T^-2
atomic unit of permittivity1.112650056e-10 (exact) F m^-1
joule-kilogram relationship1.112650056e-17 (exact) kg
joule-inverse meter relationship5.03411720e24 0.00000086e24 m^-1
joule-hertz relationship1.50919037e33 0.00000026e33 Hz
joule-kelvin relationship7.242963e22 0.000013e22 K
joule-electron volt relationship6.24150947e18 0.00000053e18 eV
joule-atomic mass unit relationship6.7005361e9 0.0000011e9 u
joule-hartree relationship2.29371257e17 0.00000039e17 E_h
kilogram-joule relationship8.987551787e16 (exact) J
kilogram-inverse meter relationship4.52443891e41 0.00000077e41 m^-1
kilogram-hertz relationship1.35639266e50 0.00000023e50 Hz
kilogram-kelvin relationship6.509650e39 0.000011e39 K
kilogram-electron volt relationship5.60958896e35 0.00000048e35 eV
kilogram-atomic mass unit relationship6.0221415e26 0.0000010e26 u
kilogram-hartree relationship2.06148605e34 0.00000035e34 E_h
inverse meter-joule relationship1.98644561e-25 0.00000034e-25 J
inverse meter-kilogram relationship2.21021881e-42 0.00000038e-42 kg
inverse meter-hertz relationship299792458 (exact) Hz
inverse meter-kelvin relationship1.4387752e-2 0.0000025e-2 K
inverse meter-electron volt relationship1.23984191e-6 0.00000011e-6 eV
inverse meter-atomic mass unit relationship1.3310250506e-15 0.0000000089e-15 u
inverse meter-hartree relationship4.556335252760e-8 0.000000000030e-8 E_h
hertz-joule relationship6.6260693e-34 0.0000011e-34 J
hertz-kilogram relationship7.3724964e-51 0.0000013e-51 kg
hertz-inverse meter relationship3.335640951e-9 (exact) m^-1
hertz-kelvin relationship4.7992374e-11 0.0000084e-11 K
hertz-electron volt relationship4.13566743e-15 0.00000035e-15 eV
hertz-atomic mass unit relationship4.439821667e-24 0.000000030e-24 u
hertz-hartree relationship1.519829846006e-16 0.000000000010e-16 E_h
kelvin-joule relationship1.3806505e-23 0.0000024e-23 J
kelvin-kilogram relationship1.5361808e-40 0.0000027e-40 kg
kelvin-inverse meter relationship69.50356 0.00012 m^-1
kelvin-hertz relationship2.0836644e10 0.0000036e10 Hz
kelvin-electron volt relationship8.617343e-5 0.000015e-5 eV
kelvin-atomic mass unit relationship9.251098e-14 0.000016e-14 u
kelvin-hartree relationship3.1668153e-6 0.0000055e-6 E_h
electron volt-joule relationship1.60217653e-19 0.00000014e-19 J
electron volt-kilogram relationship1.78266181e-36 0.00000015e-36 kg
electron volt-inverse meter relationship8.06554445e5 0.00000069e5 m^-1
electron volt-hertz relationship2.41798940e14 0.00000021e14 Hz
electron volt-kelvin relationship1.1604505e4 0.0000020e4 K
electron volt-atomic mass unit relationship1.073544171e-9 0.000000092e-9 u
electron volt-hartree relationship3.67493245e-2 0.00000031e-2 E_h
atomic mass unit-joule relationship1.49241790e-10 0.00000026e-10 J
atomic mass unit-kilogram relationship1.66053886e-27 0.00000028e-27 kg
atomic mass unit-inverse meter relationship7.513006608e14 0.000000050e14 m^-1
atomic mass unit-hertz relationship2.252342718e23 0.000000015e23 Hz
atomic mass unit-kelvin relationship1.0809527e13 0.0000019e13 K
atomic mass unit-electron volt relationship931.494043e6 0.000080e6 eV
atomic mass unit-hartree relationship3.423177686e7 0.000000023e7 E_h
hartree-joule relationship4.35974417e-18 0.00000075e-18 J
hartree-kilogram relationship4.85086960e-35 0.00000083e-35 kg
hartree-inverse meter relationship2.194746313705e7 0.000000000015e7 m^-1
hartree-hertz relationship6.579683920721e15 0.000000000044e15 Hz
hartree-kelvin relationship3.1577465e5 0.0000055e5 K
hartree-electron volt relationship27.2113845 0.0000023 eV
hartree-atomic mass unit relationship2.921262323e-8 0.000000019e-8 u
Source: Peter J. Mohr and Barry N. Taylor, CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2002, published in Rev. Mod. Phys. vol. 77(1) 1-107 (2005).
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